a Pali     Last updated on 2011/2555     10     12, a full moon day;

abhaya-dāna, offering protection and safety;

abhidhamma pitaka aka ultimate doctrine books, 3rd of tripitaka;

abhidharma [ THE JOY OF LIVING ], aka abhidhamma;

abhijjha, arising of desires;

abhiññā, 5 supernormal powers, aka essential powers to be sainthood;

abhivamsa, senior teacher;

ācariya, aka acchariya;

ācariya-vāda, 3. principles given by teachers in accordance with 1. & 2.;

acchariya manussa, extraordinary man;

addhāna-kkhamo, stamina for long journeys, one of the 5 benefits of cankama;

adhikusala, superior merit;

adinava, disadvantage vs. assada, advantage;

adosa, non hatred;

ahetu, states of mind are rootless, and akiriya, inoperative; Also see: Satipatthana meditation;

ajjhatta, internal, bahiddha, opposite of external;

akiriya, inoperative, and ahetu, states of mind are rootless; Also see: Satipatthana meditation;

akuppa, unshakeable; Also see: Satipatthana meditation;

akusala unwholesome, OR kusala wholesomeness;

akusala-vera, kilesa-vera, internal enemy in the form of unwholesomeness or mental defilements, also see: the discourse on enemy; 2 kinds of enemy are internal enemy and external enemy;

akusalavera, mental defilements, unwholesomeness;

Alavaka, fierce Alavaka sought refuge in the Buddha and attained arahatship, 2500+ years ago;

alaya-vijnana (store consciousness; consciousness forming the base of all human existence);

alobha, non greed, a.k.a. unselfishness;

Ambapali, courtesan Ambapali entered the order and attained arahatship, 2500+ years ago;

amisa, flesh;

āmisa-dāna, offering material things;

Amita, NAMO AMITABHA [ The Dhammapada ];

AMITABHA, a Buddha;

Amitabha: also see: 9 levels of Amitabha's Pure Land .     9 levels of Amitabha's Pure Land

anāgāmi, aka Never-Returner, aka sainthood;

anāgami, the 3rd stage of enlightenment; also see: satipatthāna meditation;

Ananda, one of the 8 arahants;

Ananda thera, a monk's name, in 2500+ years ago, also see: 2008 Ashin Pyinnya Thiha taught suttas .htm;

anariya-sukha, ignoble pleasure;

Anatha-pindika, also see: 2008 Ashin Pyinnya Thiha taught suttas .htm;

anatta, nonself;   after understanding [kāyanupassanā] kāya body + anu continuously + passanā seeing, impermanence [similar to conceptual idea of impermanent paññatti anicca] can be realized, and then Japanese philosopher Nishida's emptiness can be understood, ... ; anatta dhamma in Theravada is similar to absolute sunyata in Mahayana;

anatta, soul-lessness, conservatively essence of Buddhism is focus on middle path in present time to attain good karma [conservatively good khamma is defined by practicing 5 sīla ... ], if compare to eternal soul created by God with divine essence; Liberally, so many existence of gods in Buddhist nations ... ;

anatta, soul-lessness, aka one of the 3 characteristics of ... ;

annatta nupassi, not-self; Also see: Satipatthana meditation;

anatta saññā, perception of non-self;

Angulimala, also see: thera Angulimala;

Angulimala, robber/criminal Angulimala who converted and attained arahatship, 2500+ years ago;

Angulimala sutta, also see: 2008 Ashin Pyinnya Thiha taught suttas .htm;

Anguttara nikāya, Collection of discourses arranged in accordance with numbers, aka 4th of sutta pitaka; Also see: Satipatthana (i.e. shorter discourse) meditation;

anicca, a-nic-ca, transient, aka one of the 3 characteristics of ... ;

anicca sanna, awareness of impermanence; Also see: Satipatthana meditation;

annicca nupassi, ... ; Also see: Satipatthana meditation;

anu, repeatedly aka continuously;   also see: kāya-nu-passanā;

anu passati, contemplating, naya method, passati, seeing; Also see: Satipatthana meditation;

anumāna-vipassanā, inference knowledge;

anupādisesa nibbāna dhātu, also see: nibbāna dhātu;

anupassanā, awareness;

anupassi, contemplating, repeatedly look at, to closely observe, ... ; e.g. anatta nupassi, not-self; e.g. patinissa agganupassi, something to let go of; e.g. asubha nupassi, unattractive one; e.g. dukkha nupassi, not yielding dukkha by repeatedly look at; e.g. anicca nupassi, vaya nupassi, body as impermanent; Also see: Satipatthana meditation;

anusaya, latent tendencies, anusaya, and influxes, asara; at the sense ... ;

anusaya kilesa, dormant form that would manifest when conditions are met;

anussati, recollection (anussati) category;

anussati, recollections (annus sati) 6 recollections, e.g. Buddha, Dhamma, Sangha, one's ethical conduct, one's liberality, and deva;

Apadāna, Lives of arahats; also see: Khuddaka nikāya is subdivided into 15 books;  5.*  

appa-sāda, a bit pleasurable; also see: maggagata sutta;

appābādo, fewer diseases, one of the 5 benefits of cankama;

appamada, vigilance; watchfulness;

appanā-jhāna, ultimate concentration; also see: jhāna;

appanidhaya bhavana, un-direct mode of meditation (ap panidhaya bhavana) vs. direct form of meditation (panidhaya bhavana) ... ;

appatikkula or patikkula, disagreeable or agreeable;

āraddha-vīriya, ardent effort;

Arahant, supremely enlightened, also see: 2008 Ashin Pyinnya Thiha taught suttas .htm;

arahat, arahant, saint, enlightened one in Theravada; also see: bodhisattva;

arahat, the 4th stage of enlightenment; will achieve/earn/... nirvana; also see: satipatthāna meditation;

āramanam jhāyati upanijjhāyatīti jhānam, the mind fully focused on a meditative object; also see: jhāna;

ārambha-dhātu, start up effort;

āramman-ūpanijjhāna, contemplation on a meditative object;

ārammana-bhaya, any kind of terrifying objects, also see: 3 kinds of bhaya;

argha, arghya, holy water, water offering to Buddha; Sanskrit;

Ariyan, a group name of ancient people, no longer exist as a nation, also see: 2008 Ashin Pyinnya Thiha taught suttas .htm;

aruga loka or rupa loka, reborn in heavenly sphere, also see: kama loka;

aruparāga, Formless Realms, one of the remaining fetters after anāgāmi stage; Also see: ruparāga; Also see: arahat, the path to nibbāna;

Ãrya, adjective word, high rank in Sanskrit language;

Remark:

"Arakan" [a + ra + kan] , aka "Rakha", aka "Rakhine" nowadays, an ethnic group in Myanmar; In ancient history, the emperor of Arakan ethnic group ruled Northeastern of Indian, Southern of Nepal, Western coastal area of Myanmar, who have been very devoted people to Buddhism for 2500+ years;

333+ years ago, the "Arakan" kingdom was defeated by Burmese kingdom [around that time, Burmese kingdom also conquered "Mon" kingdom, the people's spoken language is similar to "Khamer" aka "Cambodian" nowadays; Burmese kingdom also conquered "Siam" kingdom aka Thai nowadays, because of rulers' wars, Thai people lost their capital city, but Thai people do not lose their identity like "Arakan", "Mon", ... , therefore Thai people rebuilt their new capital city "Bangkok" nowadays ... ], since then, the ethnic group "Arakanese" population become less and less to 1+ million; The name "Rakhine" was renamed the people "Arakan" in 1980s; Famous "Shwedagon" pagoda was originally in "Mon" kingdom ["Dagon" was renamed to "Rangoon" [ "ran" might be for running out of shells launched by mortars, "goon" is hill in Myanmar language ... ] in British era, and then "Rangoon" has been renamed to "Yangon" ... ]; Burmese kingdom was defeated by British in 1885, after several decades of battling against mortars, so called a nation "Burma" ... ;

Therefore, the Buddha might not be Indian race, however, a Myanmar does not have 2500+ years document; Another factor is: British defined the nations' boundary border lines in a few centuries ago;

asam moha, absence of delusion;

asara, influxes, and latent tendencies, anusaya; at the sense ... ;

Ashoka, an emperor's name, in BC; [ nation name such as India, Burma, ... have been defined by British, a few centuries ago ... , in Asia, so many dynasties and kingdoms disappear in thousands of years ... ];

Ashura, Standing Asura; also see: Kofuku-ji temple, in Nara, Nippon; IFF 4, also see: Swastika;

assada, advantage vs. adinava, disadvantage;

assama, a safe place, WHERE internal fires such as raga, dosa, and moha can be extinguished, for example, a meditation center;

asubha nupassi, unattractive one; Also see: Satipatthana meditation;

asuci, impure;

Asura aka Standing Ashura;

Atanatiya Sutta, also see: 2008 Ashin Pyinnya Thiha taught suttas .htm;

ātāpa-viriya, ardent effort; also see: 5 jhāna factors;

atapi, diligent one; Also see: Satipatthana meditation;

atriccha, better, and different;

atta, i , me ; me ;

attano santānam punātīti puññam, it is called puñña as it purifies one's life;

attano-mati, 4. principles based on one's own idea;

attānuvāda-bhaya, being blamed by oneself;

attānuvāda-bhaya, guilty conscience;

avijja, ignorance of 4 noble truths, ignorance is, therefore, the cause of birth and death; also see: vijja;

avijja, ignorance, one of the remaining fetters at anāgāmi stage to be arahat, the path to nibbāna;

avikkhepo samādhi, indestructible concentration;

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